Conjunctive use/sustained groundwater yield design

Assuring the sustained availability of groundwater from all parts of an aquifer system is analogous to assuring that the potentiometric surface does not change over the long term. Such a steady-state surface is maintained by a specific spatially distributed pattern of groundwater withdrawal. The finite difference form of the linearized Boussinesq equation for steady two-dimensional flow through porous media is used in models that design optimal regional potentiometric surfaces and the conjunctive water use/sustained yield strategies that maintain them. Presented objectives of such models include minimization of unmet water needs. minimization of the regional cost of attempting to satisfy water needs and bi-objective optimization

Optimal Pumping Strategies to Maximize Dissolved TCE Extraction at Central Base Area, Norton AFB, California

Norton Air Force Base (NAFB) is located in the San Bernardino Valley, part of the California Peninsular Range geomorphic province (Figure 1). The elevation at NAFB is about 1,100 feet above mean sea level (msl). The ground slopes gradually to the southwest

Assuring a Long Term Groundwater Supply: Issues, Goals and Tools

Groundwater is a hidden, but important resource. We can practicably define groundwater as water be· neath the ground surface that can be extracted by wells. Other water in the ground that is not considered to be available for man\u27s direct use is commonly called subsurface water. Subsurface water includes moisture within the root zone

Using target levels to develop a sustained yield pumping strategy and its applicability in Arkansas, a riparian rights state

Groundwater is the major source of water for consumptive use in Arkansas. Significant pumping is concentrated in areas of agricultural and industrial production. In a number of these areas, including much of the Grand Prairie region of Arkansas, average annual withdrawal from the aquifer exceeds recharge. As a result of this groundwater mining, water levels are dropping. Mining which leads to excessive declines in the water level can accelerate salt water intrusion in an aquifer, cause aquifer compaction, make irrigation economically unfeasible, and eventually disrupt an economy based upon groundwater. Generally, these problems can be prevented or limited by maintaining groundwater levels at appropriate elevations and thereby maintaining favorable hydraulic gradients

Luke AFB water rights ramifications of the Survey report for the Gila River Indian Reservation

The subject Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) report is a thorough preliminary effort at determining how much water is needed to irrigate all practicably irrigable acreages (PIA) on the Gila River Indian Reservation (GRIR). ADWR identified 178,880 acres suitable for irrigation. An existing Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) Master Plan previously identified 146,330 acres suitable for irrigation (requiring 771 ,600 acre-feet of water per year). ADWR compared the two sets of acreages, and identified 129,030 acres common to both

Remediation simulation/optimization demonstrations

Applications of simulation/optimization (S/0) software to develop contamination remediation strategies include formal remediation optimization using heads and gradients (hydraulics-based) and concentrations (risk-based) constraints. The six reported cases involve pump and treat systems, or pump, treat and re-inject systems, together termed PAT systems. We used S/0 modeling to perform hydraulic optimization for two of the sites and transport optimization for four. For four of the six sites, other parties used normal simulation (S) modeling alone to develop pumping strategies. Comparing the S/0 model-developed strategies with the S model-developed strategies showed S/0 modeling benefits ranging up to: (a) 25 percent reduction in construction cost and 20 percent reduction in O&M costs; (b) 160 percent increase in mass removal; and (c) 62.5 percent reduction in number of extraction wells, and (d) 25 percent reduction in new wells with six percent increase in mass removal. The earlier that S/0 modeling was used in the design process, and the more freedom given to the S/0 model, the greater the benefit

Arkansas groundwater management via target level

AN approach to groundwater management by maintaining target groundwater elevations is presented. A finite difference form of the Boussinesq equation is proposed as a means of determining the groundwater withdrawals that will maintain those levels in the long term. This spatially distributed pumping can represent a sustained yielding pumping strategy. A sample pumping strategy is presented for the Arkansas Grand Prairie. Such a strategy is applicable under a variety of legal systems. It represents an especially attractive alternative for riparian rights states (like Arkansas) where effective groundwater management without radical changes in the basic water rights system is desired